Overview

As you work in public policy or law, you may be in a position where you are to conduct research on an issue, write a detailed memorandum, and supply a briefing to your superior or a group of leaders about the issue, leading to a decision on the next steps. This term you will be asked to prepare a presentation and final policy briefing paper to convey information and skills you learned through your research. The final assignment for this course requires you to prepare a policy briefing paper but you will complete essential elements each week through the term starting this Module: Week with the Briefing Paper: Topic Proposal. This Module: Week you are to select a topic from the list below, craft your thesis statement, and prepare a brief outline of what you expect to write based on the instructions.

Instructions

This assignment is the first step in preparing the Briefing Paper: Final Submission. For this assignment, you will choose a topic from those supplied and submit it complete with a thesis statement and brief outline indicating what topic/issue you are choosing to study over the duration of this course.

You will continue to research your topic to the full extent of the course, so be sure to keep an ongoing list of resources (in addition to those used for this assignment) to add to your annotated bibliography.

You have a choice between the following topics/issues:

Research on Public Policy Assignment Help

1. US policy toward China focusing on
   1. Diplomatic relations, or
   2. US/China Trade
2. US policy toward North Korea
3. US policy toward Iran, either focusing on
   1. Diplomatic relations between the US and Iran, or
   2. The Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action
4. US trade with the United Kingdom (should the US enter into a formal trade agreement with the UK)
5. US policy toward peace in the middle east (Israel/Palestine)

Items to include are outlined as follows:

Research on Public Policy Assignment Help

• Length of assignment: a minimum of 1-page but not exceed 2-pages
• Format of assignment: Current Turabian Format
• Number of citations: 1-3
• Acceptable sources: scholarly articles, empirical journals, and assigned course readings published within the last 20 years.

Note: Your assignment will be checked for originality via t

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Overview

As you look ahead to the Briefing Paper: Final, you will engage in a number of practical exercises this term to aid in your preparation of the paper.This week you will engage in the analysis of a past international crisis that has been resolved and we have the benefit of hindsight and information. As you conduct your analysis of the issue you select, please consider major groups involved in the crisis, present laws and/or policies that emanated from this event, the benefits or challenges of involvement by international organizations, and how a biblical worldview can be applied to understanding the outcome of the issue. The analytical process used for this assignment should be good preparation for your final briefing paper.

Instructions

Analysis of International Organizations Assignment

For this assignment, you will choose an issue from the options provided, related to the intersection of international law, policy, politics, and diplomacy. You may choose from the following options:

• Korean War (1950-1953)
• Cuban missile crisis
• Vietnam War
• Iran hostage crisis (1979-1981)
• Gulf War (1991)
• Analysis of International Organizations Assignment

Once you have chosen an issue, you must identify a major international crisis related to that issue, provide factual background, collect data describing the process used to resolve the crisis, explain whether the plan used was the best course of action, and explain the outcome.

You will need to analyze the chosen crisis/event from the perspective of US foreign policy.

You are required to compare the effectiveness of the plan considering all the international issues, identify the specific strengths and weaknesses of the approach, and note how diplomacy was used to address the crisis.Analysis of International Organizations Assignment

You must also include a review of alternate plans that may have been effective in resolving the issue.

Items to include are outlined as follows:

• Length of assignment: 5-7 pages
• Format of assignment: Current Turabian Format
• Number of citations: 3-5
• Acceptable sources: scholarly articles, empirical journals, and assigned readings published within the last 20 years.

Note: Your assignment will be checked for o

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Select 1 of the economic concentrations (clusters) below:

• Seattle-Tacoma-Olympia, WA aerospace / defense industry
• Central California winemaking industry
• Hollywood movie industry
• Silicon Valley Technology hub
• Texas / Louisiana Gulf Coast crude oil and natural gas production and refining
• Pre-1994 vs Post-1994 US auto and light truck production and the reasons for the change in economic concentration

(Seattle-Tacoma-Olympia aerospace is the selected cluster for this assignment)

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Write a 700- to 1,050-word paper evaluating economists’ assessments of the role the 4 factors of production played in determining how the economic concentration you selected has evolved. Complete the following in your paper:

• Analyze how the economic concentration in the area you chose was influenced by competition and pricing.
• Analyze how the economic concentration in the area you chose influenced the supply chain.
• Analyze which of the 4 factors of production were the most and least important in determining the economic concentration of the area you chose.
• Predict changes you anticipate for the area of economic concentration you chose. Support your predictions.

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Consider the resources provided and other academically appropriate sources. The use of charts and tables to illustrate data is highly encouraged.

Cite at least 2 academically credible sources.

Concentrate on the Economics

Select 1 of the economic concentrations (clusters) below:

• Seattle-Tacoma-Olympia, WA aerospace / defense industry
• Central California winemaking industry
• Hollywood movie industry
• Silicon Valley Technology hub
• Texas / Louisiana Gulf Coast crude oil and natural gas production and refining
• Pre-1994 vs Post-1994 US auto and light truck production and the reasons for the change in economic concentration

(Seattle-Tacoma-Olympia aerospace is the selected cluster for this assignment)

Write a 700- to 1,050-word paper evaluating economists’ assessments of the role the 4 factors of production played in determining how the economic concentration you selected has evolved. Complete the following in your paper:

• Analyze how the economic concentration in the area you chose was influenced by competition and pricing.
• Analyze how the economic concentration in the area you chose influenced the supply chain.
• Analyze which of the 4 factors of production were the most and least important in determining the economic concentration of the area you chose.
• Predict changes you anticipate for the area of economic concentration you chose. Support your predictions.

Consider the resources provided and other academically appropriate sources. The use of charts and tables to illustrate data is highly encouraged.

Cite at least 2 academically credible sources.

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Lab: Phet Molecular Shapes VSEPR Activity                                                                        

Log on to https://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulation/molecule-shapes either by Googling “phet simulations molecule shape.”   Click on the play button in the center.

Introduction click here for help

Atoms bond to satisfy their need for more electrons.  If both atoms have high electronegativities (are nonmetals), atoms will share electrons to satisfy the Octet Rule – every atom wants 8 electrons to fill the s and p orbitals in the outer energy level.  But, as you will see, if the electronegativities are high enough and both atoms unwilling to give up electrons, sometimes atoms can deviate from and not follow the Octet Rule.

Because electrons have a negative charge and atoms occupy space, bonds and electrons will spread out as much as possible.  Since we write in a two dimensional plane on paper, it is difficult to visualize the true geometry of these molecules.  This activity and the program you are about to use allows us to visualize on a more 3-dimensional scale.

Part 1 – Generic Molecules

Fill in the chart below by creating the generic molecules below.  On your screen in the lower left corner, click on “molecule geometry.”  Add atoms and electron pairs as needed to produce the generic formula.  Once the molecule is assembled, click and drag the screen to spin the atom around.  Click on the “Show bond angles.”  Use the following key:

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• A – central purple atom – cannot be removed
• B – single bonded white atom
• C – double bonded white atom
• D – triple bonded white atom
• E – Electron pairs not bonded (lone pair)

In each box:

1. Take a screenshot from your computer and place it into the box
2. Identify which molecule from the HW yesterday corresponds to the box
3. Write the Molecular Geometry (MG)
4. Look at the central atom, is its octet satisfied?

Part 2 – Octet Rule Breakers

While still in the “Real Molecules” tab, select the following molecules.  Take a screenshot from your computer and place it into the box, write the molecular geometry, and write how many electrons are on the central atom.

Molecule geometry and shapes

Post Lab Questions

1. The program did not give a bond angle to a molecule consisting of only two atoms.  Why?  Think geometry class.

1. What happens to the bond angle within a molecule as you add more bonds to the central atom?

1. How does a lone pair affect the molecular geometry of a molecule?

1. Explain how the “octet rule breakers” violate the octet rule? Did all of these “octet rule breakers” violate the octet rule the same way?

1. Did the molecular geometry of the “octet rule breakers” match any that did follow the octet rule? If so which ones and why?

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Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is excessive worrying about several events that lasts longer than 6 months (Rosenthal & Burchum, 2021). Symptoms include vigilance, tension, apprehension, poor concentration, difficulty falling or staying asleep, trembling, muscle tension, restlessness, palpitations, tachycardia, and sweating (Rosenthal & Burchum, 2021). Patients with GAD typically have an accompanying psychiatric disorder such as depression. Additionally, compared to the other anxiety disorders, GAD is least likely to be cured.

Treatment Options

GAD treatment is dependent on the severity of the symptoms and falls into two categories nondrug and drug therapy (Rosenthal & Burchum, 2021). Nondrug treatment includes relaxation therapy, biofeedback, cognitive behavioral therapy, and supportive therapy. Drug options include serotonergic reuptake inhibitors (SRI’s), nonbenzodiazepine-nonbarbiturate, and benzodiazepine. First line drug therapy is the SRIs including selective serotonin uptake inhibitor (SSRI) and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRI), and buspirone. Onset is delayed with these medications, but they are better for long term use. Second choice is the benzodiazepines. One major benefit of Benzodiazepines is the rapid onset of relief of symptoms. However, they have a huge potential for abuse, and should not be used long term (Rosenthal & Burchum, 2021).

Case Study

The patient is a 46 y.o. white male employed as a welder at a steel factory (Laureate Education, 2019). He was in the ER because he thought he was having a heart attack, symptoms included chest tightness, shortness of breath, and feeling of impending doom. He has history of hypertension, that is treated with a low sodium diet, he is overweight, other medical history is unremarkable. Myocardial infarction was ruled out, physical exam was WNL. Patient reports continued “anxiety attacks” of chest tightness and shortness of breath. He reports ETOH use of 3-4 beers/night. He was diagnosed with GAD. The treatment options include starting the patient on Zoloft 50 mg PO daily, Burpirone 10 PO BID, or Imipramine 25 mg BID.

Based on the patient presented in the case study, I elected to begin treatment with Burspirone 10 BID, because it is considered first line treatment for GAD, and the other options are not, even though Zoloft is an SSRI, it is not under the recommended treatment plan (Rosenthal & Burchum, 2021).

Upon return to the clinic the patient reported a slight decrease in symptoms, but he still feels very anxious. His HAMA score decreased from 26 to 23. My options were to then increase Buspirone to 10 mg TID, Buspirone 20 mg TID or discontinue Buspirone and start Lexapro 10 mg PO daily. I elected to increase Buspirone to 10 mg TID.

At his next check up in four weeks, the patient reports no change in anxiety. I elected to discontinue buspirone and begin Zoloft 50 mg orally daily. In this scenario, buspirone meets criteria for treatment failure, so it is appropriate to discontinue it and begin another first line option (Laureate Education, 2019). Sertaline is a SSRI that has been shown to reduce anxiety symptoms and may prove an effective treatment for GAD (Brawman-Mintzer et al., 2006).

Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics

I do not think pharmacokinetics or pharmacodynamics would have a large impact on this patient, primarily because he is younger, and not taking any other medications. The main problem I could foresee is due to the patients history of ETOH use and the use of a benzodiazepine. This is due to the potential to abuse benzodiazepines, and it should be used cautiously in patients that abuse ETOH (Rosenthal & Burchum, 2021). Additionally, if the patient does need medication for his hypertension there could potentially be an interaction depending on the medication chosen.

References GET HELP

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After discussing your background respond to related questions.  What is the common basis for American acceptance and what is common to non acceptance. Why were some groups accepted and others not?  Why is the current immigration issue in terms of Latinos such a hot topic and why is it often  debated  in Congress. The current often discussed issue is focused on  Latino young people and children being \”the new wave \”of immigrants ( which are not wanted) but this issue towards Latinos had long historical roots  and does not evolve from just a  current perceived  \”crises\”. There is more to this issue. Homeland security is probably not a significant issue as there have been few indications of security threats from the south. Nearly all orange alert related events have pointed to our NORTHERN border.  Current Numbers are also not THE  primary issue as many Latinos encountered similar \”immigration issues\” and  attempt to \”plug\” the borders and reduce Latino immigration in past decade. Be logical and thoughtful and complete. Why do many people and officials  focus primarily (but not exclusively) on Latinos when we  discuss immigration?   Our highest percentage increases in immigrants were Anglos  (primarily British -many also in a sense were illegal as  they did not attempt to obtain the approval of indigenous peoples.  Europe was he source of this \”uninvited \” migration. ?

Do not rely on the issue of legal and illegal status for though important, it is an issue that has always been present for all groups and is usually now a rationalization not a reason.

DO NOT USE THE PROXIMITY OF MEXICO , CENTRAL AMERICA AND SOUTH AMERICA AS PART OF YOUR ARGUMENTS NOR USE THE INCREASING NUMBERS OF LATINOS   These ideas  do play a role but they are far too simplistic. You need to think and develop more complete discussions.

Let me state once again. Do not use the issue of illegal or  illegal as part of your discussion at all. The first settlers to American were ILLEGAL. ( That means the settlers at Jamestown and Plymouth Rock) Ask the Native Americans. The European settlers ( primarily British at the beginning) were not invited nor did they try to assimilate to the tribes in which they found themselves. They did not obey the Native American  \”laws\” either. I want you to reach beyond this every simple argument to other ideas. It simply does not adequately explain the passion or focus of many.

Let me also dispel some other \”common sense myths\”. Latino immigrants do pay taxes and they pay in far greater amounts (value) then other people (non immigrants) of similar income levels pay. . They receive social services (health, welfare) fairly equal in value or less than other groups in their income categories.. They have added enormous value to and even provided the foundation for the continued low pricing of agricultural products and also housing and business construction. Without this labor pool, it is fairly unanimously agreed that the prices of these goods and other services would be very high. (2-3 times higher).  One of the major reasons that immigrants have increased in North America recently  is due to NAFTA ( a Free trade agreement) which had destructive impact on Mexico and in some ways benefited United States more than any other participant.Immigration Assignment

It is true that the Heritage Foundation ( a very conservative think tank)  and Lou Dobbs ( a likable but not seriously SCHOLARLY qualified TV commentator) would support these \”myths\” but the overwhelming body of research and studies conducted by very reputable research organizations does not support these \”myths\”.  They are just that- myths. So reach beyond those ideas also when discussing this issue. Immigration Assignment

Make sure if you cite sources they are not sources with an agenda or noted bias ( the Internet has many such sources  which distort information). Make sure all your sources include links, authors, date of publication, title of work. In short a good citation  means  I can use that citation to EASILY find the source.

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Implementation of National Response Framework Mission Area

NATIONAL RESPONSE FRAMEWORK (NRF) This Implementation effort is consistent with Presidential Policy Directive (PPD)-8. Core capabilities are the distinct elements needed to achieve the National Preparedness Goal (NPG) (See Overview of the National planning Frameworks).

The Response mission area includes 14 core capabilities as follows: NATIONAL RESPONSE FRAMEWORK (NRF)

1. Planning
2. Public Information and Warning
3. Operational Coordination
4. Critical Transportation
5. Environmental Response/Health and Safety
6. Fatality Management Services
7. Infrastructure Systems
8. Mass Care Services
9. Mass Search and Rescue Operations
10. On-Scene Security and Protection
11. Operational Communications
12. Public and Private Services and Resources
13. Public Health and Medical Services
14. Situational Assessment.

NATIONAL INCIDENT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (NIMS)

Command and Management: Incident Commander (IC) and Command Staff

According to NIMS, the Incident Command System is responsible for the overall management of a system.

The five management functions of the Incident Command System of an incident are:

1. Incident Command – Sets the incident objectives, strategies, and priorities and has overall responsibility for the incident.
2. Operations – Conducts operations to reach the incident objectives.
3. Planning – Supports the incident action planning process by tracking resources, and collecting/analyzing information.
4. Logistics – Provides resources and needed services to support the achievement of the incident objectives.
5. Finance & Administration Monitors costs related to the incident (NIMS).

DHS Law and Policy

• There are several laws regulating the Department of Homeland Security, the NRF and NIMS guiding principles—too many to list. See: Law and Policy, Department of Homeland Security. https://www.dhs.gov/law-and-policy

Note: Module 1 Discussion will continue the theme by covering ethics and integrity.

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